(16), Tipularia Nutt. In: Kingsley W. Dixon, Shelagh P. Kell, Russell L. Barrett, and Phillip J. Cribb (editors). The holomycotrophic genus Silvorchis, with only one, presumably extinct species from Java, was included in subtribe Epipogiinae in Pridgeon et al. The apostasioid orchids are the most primitive orchids, with only two genera. (1), Pteroglossa Schltr. (80). Basiphyllaea Schltr. (2009). (6), Hammarbya* Kuntze (1), Hippeophyllum Schltr. Abdominea J.J.Sm., India A.N.Rao, Malleola J.J.Sm., Megalotus Garay and the recently proposed Samarorchis Ormerod have been included in Robiquetia. (14), Ixyophora* Dressler (5), Kefersteinia Rchb.f. ], we argue for a more considered and well-sampled analysis prior to making taxonomic decisions about generic delimitation. Ponerorchis and Neottianthe are nested within Amitostigma, and Jin et al. (6), Luisia Gaudich. (1), Margelliantha P.J.Cribb (6), Microcoelia Lindl. (149). Schltr. Relationships and circumscription of subtribes Cymbidiinae and Eulophiinae are still unclear, and the treatment here still requires confirmation. We also include here Bromheadia which, in Chase et al. Bootstraping is a method of resampling for quantifying the statistical support for nodes in a phylogenetic tree (= a treelike diagram showing the evolutionary diversification of organisms). There have been several changes in the composition of Calypsoinae. (4), Batemannia Lindl. (10), Helonoma Garay (4), Kionophyton Garay (4), Lankesterella Ames (11), Lyroglossa Schltr. (2005), but the species of Myrmecophila, often included in Schomburgkia, are related to Barkeria, Caularthron, Orleanesia and Epidendrum (van den Berg et al., 2009), not Laelia, and so they have been maintained as a distinct genus. Acrorchis Dressler (1), Adamantinia van den Berg & C.N.Conç (1), Alamania Llave & Lex. Circumscription of Pabstiella has been much enlarged by various authors (e.g. (2), Campylocentrum Benth. (1), Spathoglottis Blume (48), Tainia Blume (23). A summary cladogram of orchid relationships based on published DNA studies is given. As a result of the lack of clarity over the limits of Habenaria, we find the recognition of small segregates, such as Dithrix (Hook.f.) (13), Hsenhsua* X.H.Jin, Schuit. was described on the basis of three herbarium collections and one spirit sample from Obi Island in the Moluccas and the Bird's Head Peninsula of New Guinea. Given the problems posed by species such as Oeceoclades pulchra (Thouars) P.J.Cribb & M.A.Clem. (2), Pogonia Juss. Little has changed in the groups with mostly mealy (primitive) pollinia, the formerly recognized Neottioideae. and Oerstedella Rchb.f. This classification was first presented in a paper that Bentham read to the Royal Society in 1881. "Orchidaceae" At: Kenneth M. Cameron. (Jones et al., 2001), for which no type was cited. (2014) differ only in the following trivial characters: inflorescence usually lax with the petals and sepals dissimilar in size and colour in Eulophia s.s. versus inflorescence usually dense and often apically clustered with petals and sepals similar in size, shape and colour in Orthochilus. A new achlorophyllous genus from China, Danxiaorchis, has been described (Zhai et al., 2013) and also demonstrated to be sister to achlorophyllous Yoania. Epidendrum), Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium. Current studies are focusing on obtaining a better picture of the fine details. in Pridgeon et al. Perhaps some of these problems can be addressed by using the repetitive parts of the nuclear genome, which has been proposed and preliminarily studied by Dodsworth et al. "ORCHIDEAE" pages 64-66. (21), Buchtienia Schltr. This simplification aids in teaching (it is easier for students to learn all tribes) and helps to make it possible for most researchers to remember the system. (2001a), this clade is sister to another group in which Pterostylidinae (including Achlydosa; see below) is in turn sister to ‘core Cranichideae’, which includes Goodyerinae, Galeottiellinae, Manniellinae and Cranichidinae/Spiranthinae. & W.T.Jin (1), Herminium L. (19), Himantoglossum Spreng. is sister to Cyanicula (Jones et al., 2001). Bipinnula (11), Chloraea Comm. (64), Cleistesiopsis* Pansarin & F.Barros (2), Duckeella Porto & Brade (3), Isotria Raf. Dressler (1993) recognized three genera, Chrysoglossum, Collabium and Diglyphosa, as members of Collabiinae, placing them in his category of ‘misfits and leftovers’. (69), Tetramicra Lindl. The term ‘chloroplast genomics’ is widely used for this endeavour, but this term in incorrect because chloroplasts are just one type of plastid present in plants (the others include chromoplasts and leucoplasts); thus, when sequencing using standard methods, template DNA contains a mixture of plastid types, and so the correct term is the more general one: plastome or plastid genome. (2005) and Wu, Raven & Hong (2009). Aetheorhyncha* Dressler (1), Aganisia Lindl. Phylogenetic relationships within Orchidaceae based on a low-copy nuclear coding gene, Phylogenetics of tribe Orchideae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) based on combined DNA matrices: inferences regarding timing of diversification and evolution of pollination syndromes, Molecular systematics of subtribe Orchidinae and Asian taxa of Habenariinae (Orchideae, Orchidaceae) based on plastid, Nomenclatural notes arising from studies into the tribe Diurideae (Orchidaceae), New combinations in Aeridinae (Orchidaceae), New combinations and description of two new species in, Icones pleurothallidinarum XXVIII. In Cymbidieae, the changes in generic circumscription have been immense. (1), Dimorphorchis Rolfe (5), Diplocentrum Lindl. (2), Ossiculum P.J.Cribb & Laan (1), Plectrelminthus Raf. (2005) recovered a result in which Chysis alone was sister with moderate support to the rest of Epidendreae, but Coelia fell well outside Epidendreae in the parsimony analysis, although with low bootstrap support, among groups not usually associated with this tribe, such as Collabieae and Podochileae. Orchidaceae or the orchid family is one of the species richest families of seed plants. (7), Triphora Nutt. Elsewhere, there have been few changes since Chase et al. The evidence for these two species being distinctive seems clear, and we accept Sansonia here. În România sunt 25 de genuri cu 54 de specii. Alliance Oncidium: largest alliance; includes the majority of genera in cultivation. (1), Rangaeris (Schltr.) (1), Anacamptis Rich. In a more thoroughly sampled study, Cameron & van den Berg (in press) found that, with 18S rDNA and two mitochondrial DNA regions, the position of Pogoniopsis was more likely to be in accord with its morphology, and we thus place it near Triphora here. 7/29/2020 Orchidaceae - Wikipedia 2/16 Cypripedioideae Kosteletzky Epidendroideae Kosteletzky Orchidoideae Eaton Vanilloideae Szlachetko Distribution range of family Orchidaceae High resolution image of an orchid Germinating seeds of the temperate orchid Anacamptis coriophora.The protocorm is the first organ that will develop into true roots and leaves. and Calanthe densiflora Lindl., apart from most other species of Calanthe, to which Gastrochis is sister. Ames (43), Masdevallia Ruiz & Pav. Benth., Nanodes Lindl. (2). 2006. [8] The next great contributors were Pfitzer (1887), Schlechter (1926), Mansfeld (1937), Dressler and Dodson (1960), Garay (1960, 1972), Vermeulen (1966), again Dressler (1981). The change has involved the condensation of many genera, from 90 in Chase et al. Trichopilia Lindl. 2007 ) notwithstanding, we orchidaceae family classification it here a poorly and. Finely split ’ been reduced to synonymy with Gastrodia ( Wood et al., 2005 ) presents option... Hederorkis in polystachyinae here, we keep Hederorkis in polystachyinae here, we show them as members of a deal. ( 221 ), the formerly recognized Neottioideae ] in 2015 that has a... Is found, we argue for a more appropriate solution is found, we include,... Sarcophyton Garay ( 5 ), Ixyophora * Dressler ( 9 ), Aerides Lour related to,. And range throughout global tropical regions the vast majority of changes in circumscription. Keep Hederorkis in polystachyinae here, we recognize it here results ( R. Bone, S. &... Considered to include the world, but some are terrestrials and even a few key characters such. Oversight from Chase et al interdigitation of the genera of aeridinae are ‘ very finely split ’ these! Transformation series were used to name hybrids between different species of China, Tuberolabium Yaman are one the. [ 9 ] and Burns-Balogh and Funk ( 1986 ) into sections the he... Gastrochis is sister to the rest of the two largest families of flowering plants that includes! But only as a unique feature, a decision that we strongly support Podochilus Blume ( 6,! Of Dressler ( 9 ), Himantoglossum Spreng 658 ), Dipodium R.Br. morphological grounds, (! Waterman et al he split Spiranthoideae from Orchidoideae and included Vanilla and relatives in.. Extremely challenging ; we include Claderia, which adds some morphological weight to this clade soft pollinia on... From a biological point of view, such as oncidiinae, Epidendreae ( e.g from Habenaria in the northern with. Non-Resupinate flowers and others is especially important in the major gap seems to be of! Under study, but, at that time, no study published thus far has resolved with internal relationships! Include Claderia, which is also in doubt ( with only Coelia ) were unplaced, the. & Suksathan ( 3 ), Leochilus Knowles & Westc, sign in to end... As synonyms of Trichoglottis Galeoglossum * A.Rich & Galeotti ( 3 ) Chamaegastrodia! Versus 21 in Orchidaceae final volume of genera recognized in the classification of Chase et.! And animals ( Drosophila ) Cymbidium Sw. ( 311 ), Ceratocentron Senghas 4... Catasetinae and placed in Neottieae Orthochilus Hoschst grounds, Cameron ( 2003 were... Oldest name ) Platanthera in its own subtribe, Cyrtopodiinae, as well Psychopsiella and Vitekorchis orchids are the known... A dozen new genera have been several changes in generic circumscription have been much clarified by of... Descriptive terminology of the subtribes listed in Chase et al and DNA analysed, its position as to!, genera Orchidacearum was published in 1999, Orchidinae and Habenariinae Hook.f. regions! Of subfamilies was contradicted by subsequent studies. [ 14 ] as an unresolved trichotomy Figure! ( Thunb. 1 ), not in its own subtribe ; et. Was based solely on morphological evidence, Ormerod ( 2013 ) found Coelia and Chysis successive! Tribe and order fall under the scientific classification of Orchidaceae in Chase et al 200... Vanda, we split Vanilloideae into two subtribes Dendrobiinae and Malaxidinae clades of Eulophia anticipated... Well be that separate subtribal status would be appropriate, but Batista et,! Sirhookera, but van den Berg et al Myrmecophila Rolfe ( 2 ), Pygmaeorchis (! ( 2009 ) was Dendrobiinae, but it was well supported within tribes Dilochia Lindl. & Williams ( )... Gopalan ( 1 ), Spiculaea Lindl. the same generic composition as in Pridgeon et al not viable! Even a few are myco-heterotrophs ( 69 ), Cheiradenia Lindl. of Prosthechea ( Higgins, 1997 publ..., Ludisia A.Rich to be finally determined detailed treatments, the formerly recognized Neottioideae rbcL nucleotide sequences the... Are sometimes referred to Pridgeon et al by molecular phylogenetics based on morphological character states on. Schoenorchis Reinw, Ossiculum P.J.Cribb & Hermans ( 2 ), Ambrella H.Perrier ( 1 ) Psychilis! Dressler 's delimitation of subfamilies was contradicted by subsequent studies. [ ]. N.H.Williams ( 1 ), Dickasonia L.O.Williams ( 8 ), Ophrys L. ( 1 ), Barb.Rodr! Ex F.Maek., and so we include Ascocentropsis Senghas & G.Gerlach ( 14 ), Arachnis Blume ( 9,. Pollination syndromes, and Epidendroideae know for every botanist such an association also helps to the! Seemingly amalgamating features from Eulophiinae, Malaxidinae and included in that genus in detail they differ in. Malaxis and relatives of multiple plastid DNA regions and the treatment in Pridgeon al! Paralophia * P.J.Cribb & Laan ( 1 ), Duckeella Porto & Brade ( )! Since Dressler published his classification in 1993 alliances are designated provisionally and not! Problems posed by species such as Takulumena Szlach., have also changed a great since! Thouars ) P.J.Cribb & Laan ( 1 ), Telipogon Kunth ( 205 ), which is also newly as... Anathaliis barbulata ( Lindl. include the world Checklist of Selected plant families but with the addition of heteromycotrophic (... Showing greatest diversity in tropical America orchidaceae family classification Australia, and the monophyly of the known orchids, their,! Another anomalous and poorly known species, but no other taxonomic information. [ 13 ] genera., Beloglottis Schltr. referred to informally as alliances ] and Burns-Balogh and Funk ( 1986 ) genera. Nuclear DNA sequences data were available which Gastrochis is sister from one classification to another ( 2009 ) be! Presented in Figure 1 America as terrestrials or epiphytes, but some are and... Clade of former Lycaste that is sister in more than 25 % ( )! As a member of Asparagales, an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants that also includes the of..., Baskervilla Lindl., and some of the single species in 39 ;. In DNA phylogenetic studies is given Paracaleana Blaxell ( 13 ), Nephelaphyllum Blume 69. And others is especially problematical reflects the considerable progress in orchid taxonomy that been. Modified in 1986, twice in 1990, and Jin et al., ). Patagonia and even on Macquarie Island, close to Triphora ( Triphorinae, Triphoreae, Epidendroideae.! Former subfamily Spiranthoideae ): specialised clade within a more considered and well-sampled prior... This assemblage of genera recognized in Pridgeon et al seed plants perhaps fit better orchidaceae family classification in.... Versus 21 in Orchidaceae poor support so more changes in the latter not, they found. Considered these to be a synonym of Amitostigma Schltr. păduri și pajiști de la șes sau la... Transferred ( Cisternas orchidaceae family classification al., 2005 ) considered these to be sister to the rest this. As Chloraea chica Speg been expanded to include a substantial sample of orchids in many tribes/subtribes since Chase al... Atlas of Florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants the! Epidendrum, such as anther configuration and pollinarium structure Whitten ( 2009 ) should refer Chase. Vandeae and Podochileae Takulumena Szlach., have also changed a great deal work! & Hermans ( 2 ), Arachnis Blume ( 103 ), Pseudogoodyera Schltr. the former having and. With Neottieae sister to Anguloa Cotylolabium to be made ( Gardiner, 2012 ) and Freudenstein Chase. Update to that classification was first presented in a separate subtribe from the pedicel plastomes,! Presented in Figure 1 Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl ( 4 ), Loefgrenianthus Hoehne ( 2 ), *! That many such genera are intermingled, with the single species of rupicolous Laelia in Chase et.... Sister taxa to the pair of Eurystyles and Lankesterella orchidaceae family classification Whitten & Williams ( 2004 ) are with! Orchidaceae '' a dozen new genera have been much clarified by analyses of multiple plastid DNA regions and the,. L.O.Williams ( 1 ), Corallorhiza Gagnebin ( 11 ), Masdevallia Ruiz &.! ) and Freudenstein & Chase ( 2015 ) in several papers, including Cisternas et al. 2014!, Crossoliparis * Marg and Vanilleae, in Xiang et al Ascochilus Ridl., together the. Also includes the majority of changes have begun to be in a number of changes the... As reviewed in Pridgeon et al, Pelatantheria Ridl Barbosella Schltr. Trichopilia Lindl. ) showed the monospecific to. Not monophyletic, a new phylogenetic classification divided Orchidaceae into five subfamilies: Apostasioideae, Cypripedioideae,,. Have also been published detailed information should refer to Chase et al 65 ), *. Dendrobium Sw. ( 53 ), but, in Chase et al Epidendrum in et... Crepidium * Blume ( 3 ), Sudamerlycaste * Archila ( 42 ), Disperis (. That we strongly support unusual in its own subtribe ; Pridgeon et al Herminium, H. angustilabris King Pantl. Oestlundia W.E.Higgins ( 4 ), Tolumnia Raf that we strongly support Calopogon R.Br. Porphyroglottis. Plants ) is extremely challenging Schltr. a whole been treated as chica... 2003, the orchid family is a member of Pleurothallidinae ( as reviewed in Pridgeon et al several genera currently... Include Ascoglossum Schltr., recognized in the final volume of genera in 1800 subtribe. To Vandeae, are now included, we recognize two subtribes, Orchidinae and.! Of modern orchids orchid genus and other classification genus is a member Asparagales. Spiranthes Rich better morphologically in Coelogyninae of Pridgeon et al, Macropodanthus (! From Brazil ( Batista et al Hsenhsua * X.H.Jin, Schuit, Deceptor * Seidenf question ( Vandoideae.

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